用法一. dis-如何与不同首字母的词根相结合。
1.discern [dis- = apart 开; cern = to separate 分=> " to separate one apart from the others 将一物与它物分开"→]
vt. distinq uish; recognize 辨别;认出
ex)Through the fog I could just discern a car towards me. 在农雾中,我们只能辨别出是一辆小汽车朝我开来。
2.dispense [dis- = apart 分开;如ns = to pay 付出; -e=> " to pay apart分别付出"→]
vt. give out; distribute 分収;分配
ex) The Red Cross dispensed food and clothing to the victims. 红十字会向难民分发衣物、食品。
3.disrupt [dis- = apart 开; rupt == to break 破"to break apart 破 裂" ]
vt. 分裂;瓦解
ex) The enemy tried to disrupt our coutry but failed in the edn. 敌人相分裂我们的国家但最后失败了。
4.dissuade [dis=apart 离; suade == to urge 力劝 →"to urge sb.apart 力劝某人离开"]
vt. persuade notωdo sth. 劝止,劝 阻
ex)The father finally dissuaded his son from leaving school. 父亲终止儿子的中途辍学的想法。
5.distract [dis- =apart 开; tract == to draw 牵引→]
vt. draw apart (the mind or attention) 引开(心思) ,分散(注意力) , 使分心
ex) Noise distracts my attention from studying. 吵闹声使我无法专心学习。
用法二. dif- 和di-能与何种首字母的词根相缀合。
1. differ [dif- (dis-) == apart 开; fer == to carry 拿→"to carry apart from each other 拿开;互相分离"→]
v. be unlike; disagree 不同 ,相异
ex)My answer to the arithmatic problem differs from hers. 我得出的这道算术题的答案和她的不一样。
2.diffuse [dif- (dis-) = apart 开; fus = to pour 倾倒; -e →"to pour apart in every direction 向四面八方洒开"→ ]
vt. scatter widely 使散开,使扩散
ex)The sun diffuses light and heat. 太阳散发出光和热。
3.dilate [di- (dis-) = apart 开; lat - to widen 加宽; "to widen apart 加宽开来"→]
vt . expand; enlarge 膨胀;扩大
ex)When you take a deep breath,you dilate your nostrils. 当你深呼吸时,鼻孔就扩张了。
4.divert [di- (dis-) = apart 开; vert = to turn 转→"to turn apart 转 开"→]
vt. turn aside 转向,转移
ex)The king dimidiated the land between his two sons. 国王把国土平分给两个儿子。
5.divide [di- (dis-) = apart 开; vid == to separate 分; -e=>"to separate apart 分割开"→]
vt. separate into parts 分,划分
ex) A brook divides the field. 一条河把田野分成两部分。
用法三. dis- 跟派生词相结合。
1. disagree [dis- = to undo 取消]
v. fil to agreee;differ 不同意;不一致
ex)Your account of the incident disagrees with his. 你对该事件的说法跟他的说法不符合。
用法四.派生前缀dis-与名词结合的生成名词或动词的几个例词。
1.disadvantage [dis- = lack of 无;advantage n.有利条件→]
n.不利;不利条件
ex)Her shyness is a disadvantage in company. 她胆小害羞不利于她交友。
2.dishonour [dis- = lack of 无;honour n.名誉→]
n.不名誉;耻辱
ex)The robber brought dishonour to his family. 那个盗贼使自己的家门蒙羞。
3.disorder [dis- = lack of 无;order n.秩序→]
n.混乱;杂乱
ex)The room was in disorder after the birthday party. 生日聚会之后,房里一片杂乱。
4.disarm [dis- = to remove 去掉;arm n.武器→]
vt. 缴...的械
ex)The policemen captured the robbers and disarmed them. 警察抓住强盗并缴了他们的械。
用法五.以派生词dis-开头的形容词。
1.dishonest [dis- = not 不;honest adj.诚实的→]
adj.不诚实的;不正直的
ex)Lying,cheating and stealing are dishonest. 撒谎、欺诈与偷盗都是不诚实的行为。
2.disloyal [dis- = not 不;loyal adj.忠诚的→]
adj.not loyal ;unfaithful 不忠诚的
ex)A disloyal servant let robbers into the house. 一个不忠的个人把强盗引进门。
3.dissimilar [dis- = no 不;similar adj.相似的→]
adj.不一样的;不同的
ex)The brothers had markedly dissimilar characteristics. 这些兄弟性格各不相同。
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